One run of the Ekumene simulation (25 October 2026): the number of rulers grows and shrinks on its own, and the state taxes commoners for the grain the rulers need; each of the three regions is run for 1,500 years, one frame every 5 years. Each hexagon is a piece of land on the map.
States are coloured by centre cell plus founding year, so successive states founded at the same centre have different colours. Population bands use one log scale for the whole region; the population shown on hover is an approximation converted from the band. Snapshots are taken every 5 years, so a state that lasted only a few years may not appear in any frame.